DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-014-2492-1
An operationalized post-normal science framework for assisting in the development of complex science policy solutions: the case of nanotechnology governance
论文题名译名
一个可操作的后常态科学框架，用于协助制定复杂的科学政策解决方案：以纳米技术治理为例
摘要
Scientists, engineers, and policy analysts commonly suggest governance regimes for technology to maximize societal benefits and minimize negative societal and environmental impacts of innovation processes. Yet innovation is a complex socio-technical process that does not respond predictably to modification. Our human propensity to exclude complexity when attempting to manage systems often results in insufficient, one-dimensional solutions. The tendency to exclude complexity (1) reinforces itself by diminishing experience and capacity in the design of simple solutions to complex problems, and (2) leads to solutions that do not address the identified problem. To address the question of how to avoid a complexity-exclusion trap, this article operationalizes a post-normal science framework to assist in the enhancement or design of science policy proposals. A literature review of technological fixes, policy panaceas, and knowledge-to-action gaps is conducted to survey examples of post-normal science frameworks. Next, an operational framework is used to assess the case of a proposed international nanotechnology advisory board. The framework reveals that the board addresses a slice of the broader, more complex problem of nanotechnology governance. We argue that while the formation of an international advisory board is not problematic in-and-of-itself, it is symptomatic of and plays into a complexity-exclusion trap. We offer researchers, policy analysts, and decision-makers three recommendations that incorporate a more appropriate level of complexity into governance proposals.
中文摘要
科学家、工程师和政策分析师通常建议建立技术治理制度，以最大限度地提高社会效益，最大限度地减少创新过程对社会和环境的负面影响。然而，创新是一个复杂的社会技术过程，不会对修改做出可预测的反应。当我们试图管理系统时，人类排斥复杂性的倾向往往导致不充分的一维解决方案。排除复杂性的倾向（1）通过减少设计复杂问题的简单解决方案的经验和能力来强化自身，（2）导致解决方案无法解决已识别的问题。为了解决如何避免复杂性排斥陷阱的问题，本文采用了后常态科学框架，以帮助加强或设计科学政策提案。对技术修复、政策灵丹妙药和知识与行动之间的差距进行了文献综述，以调查后常态的例子
来源关键词
Socio-technical problems
;
Complexityexclusion trap
;
Science advisory boards
;
Ethical
;
Legal
;
Societal
来源智库
Consortium for Science, Policy, and Outcomes (United States)
NSTL唯一标识符
JA202305300000011ZX
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
