DOI
doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2006.10.001
The neglected heart of science policy: reconciling supply of and demand for science
论文题名译名
被忽视的科学政策的核心：协调科学的供给和需求
摘要
The funding of scientific research is almost always justified in terms of the potential for achieving beneficial societal outcomes. In pursuing a particular societal outcome, how can we know if one research portfolio is better than another? In this paper we conceptualize: (1) science in terms of a ‘‘supply’’ of knowledge and information, (2) societal outcomes in terms of a ‘‘demand’’ function that seeks to apply knowledge and information to achieve specific societal goals, and (3) science policy decision-making as a process aimed at ‘‘reconciling’’ the dynamic relationship between ‘‘supply’’ and ‘‘demand.’’ The core of our argument is that ‘‘better’’ science portfolios (that is, portfolios viewed as more likely to advance desired societal outcomes, however defined) would be achieved if science policy decisions reflected knowledge about the supply of science, the demand for science, and the relationship between the two. We provide a general method for pursuing such knowledge, using the specific example of climate change science to illustrate how research on science policy could be organized to support improved decisions about the organization of science itself
中文摘要
从实现有益社会成果的潜力来看，科学研究的资金几乎总是合理的。在追求特定的社会结果时，我们如何知道一个研究组合是否比另一个更好？在本文中，我们将其概念化：（1）科学是知识和信息的“供应”，（2）社会结果是寻求应用知识和信息来实现特定社会目标的“需求”功能，（3）科学政策决策是一个旨在“调和”“供给”和“需求”之间动态关系的过程我们论点的核心是，如果科学政策决策反映了关于科学供应、科学需求以及两者之间关系的知识，那么“更好”的科学投资组合（即被视为更有可能推进预期社会成果的投资组合，无论其定义如何）就会实现。我们提供了一种获取此类知识的通用方法，使用
来源智库
Consortium for Science, Policy, and Outcomes (United States)
版权信息
# 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
NSTL唯一标识符
JA202305220000048JL
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