热门健康新闻：空气污染是“最大的环境健康风险”性传播感染大幅增加；年轻人结直肠癌癌症的新研究。

最近的新闻报道称棕榈酸——棕榈油中的一种脂肪酸——可能会增加癌症的传播。虽然这项研究带来了相关的发现，但在阅读头条新闻时，有几件事需要记住。

暴露在高剂量的辐射下是不健康的——但低剂量的辐射呢？20多年来，能源部和其他机构一直在支持和开展研究，以回答这个问题

根据美国疾病控制和预防中心的最新数据，2017年美国约有26.5万名女性被诊断出患有乳腺癌或宫颈癌。癌症的早期筛查和检测，然后及时治疗，可以挽救生命。但是，当人们负担不起这样的医疗费用时会发生什么？对于许多需要乳腺癌或宫颈癌筛查的人来说，答案是疾控中心的全国乳腺癌和宫颈癌早期检测计划。近30年来，它为数百万没有医疗保险的低收入者提供癌症筛查和诊断服务。然而，通过这一计划接受筛查的人数近年来大幅下降。今天的WatchBlog探索了我们关于这种下降的新报告。此外，请与美国政府问责局的约翰·迪肯一起收看我们的播客，他是医疗政策专家，也是我们医疗团队的主任，以了解更多信息。

英国癌症研究所昨天发布的一项研究显示，在过去30年中，英国癌症的存活率几乎翻了一番，从1971年的23.6%上升到2000/1年的46.2%。经合组织截至2003年的统计数据显示，这一趋势仍在继续。就70岁之前死于癌症而言…〔阅读更多〕

mRNA技术在新冠肺炎疫苗开发中的成功应用，激发了人们对其在预防、治疗或治愈其他健康疾病方面的潜力的兴趣。 因此，一些候选的mRNA疫苗正在开发和测试中，特别是针对其他全球传染病，结果将表明新冠肺炎取得的成功是可复制的。尽管mRNA技术有好处和前景，但仍有某些缺点，需要进一步研究以确定其价值和产生积极影响的潜力。作为评估mRNA技术改善全球健康潜力的第一步，世界卫生组织(世卫组织)科学理事会对这项技术在预防传染病和病毒诱发癌症的疫苗开发中的作用进行了独立审查。本报告总结了理事会关于这项技术的优势和局限性的调查结果。

致力于改善癌症治疗和诊断的科学家们开始使用人工智能、DNA测序和精确肿瘤学等技术。

在2023年癌症消除宫颈癌行动日之际，我们回顾了所取得的一些进展以及为实现其目标可以做些什么。

Access to new drugs in Canada has been slower than in other countries for decades. Particular concern has been expressed by cancer patients and their advocates and healthcare providers about slow and inequitable access to new oncology drugs, because these can contribute to a significant extension in life. As a response to these concerns, the pan-Canadian Oncology Drug Review (pCODR) was established in late 2010 by the provincial and territorial Ministries of Health, excluding Quebec, to assess the clinical and cost-effectiveness information of new oncology drugs. This report evaluates how successful the pCODR has been in achieving its performance target of 129–149 business days (approximately 185–215 calendar days) to complete reviews, and examines the funding decisions made by the provinces for drugs with pCODR recommendations.Thirty-two submissions to the pCODR relating to 25 oncology drugs were reviewed, of which 26 (81 percent) received a favourable, if conditional, recommendation from the pCODR. However, 50 percent of the submissions took 6–7 months to be reviewed and 50 percent took even more time (total range: 112 to 282 days), which exceeds the 5–8 months to complete reviews claimed by the pCODR. When compared with a reasonable scenario in which the provinces would be required to approve drugs with a favourable pCODR recommendation within 120 days of the recommendation, none of the provinces came close to achieving this target.Little benefit is achieved by having a review process whose stated aim is to bring “consistency and clarity to the assessment of cancer drugs” if many of the provincial and territorial Ministries of Health that established the pCODR delay implementation of or ignore its favourable recommendations. An organization dedicated to reviewing new oncology drugs, which requires resources from the taxpayer and additional effort from pharmaceutical companies, and which duplicates (at least partially) the work performed by other governmental agencies, adds little benefit to the healthcare system or to the quality and duration of the lives of cancer patients if its activities do not lead to improvements in the timeliness and fairness of access to new oncology drugs.

乌干达新的熏鱼窑降低了女性患癌症的风险，提高了这一过程的效率，同时也生产出更高质量的鱼，减少了对环境的影响。