在非洲可再生能源加速伙伴关系（APRA）的主持下，肯尼亚和国际可再生能源机构（IRENA）将与其他APRA成员和合作伙伴协调，于2024年9月1日至5日召开投资论坛。
如果电力系统要继续进一步脱碳，就需要在变革性电网现代化和可再生能源整合技术方面进行下一代创新。很少有研究调查该行业创新的政策决定因素，以了解政府如何支持这些技术的开发和部署。我们认为，成功支持第一波可再生能源创新的政策可能不足以在下一波绿色创新中产生类似的结果，因为这些政策面临着更高的协调瓶颈。我们研究了互操作性标准（一种可能促进协调的工具）对专利申请的影响，将智能电网作为一种具有高互操作性要求的技术的例子。我们发现，标准在广泛和密集的利润率下减少了专利申请，但这些结果因公司类型而异。我们发现，这种负面影响是由大公司驱动的，而标准增加了没有智能电网创新经验的公司的准入。我们将这一结果解释为信息效应：标准为新进入者提供了有用的信息，并可能有助于使该领域的创新参与者多样化。
巴布亚新几内亚87% 的巴布亚新几内亚生活在农村地区，大多数成年人从事农业工作。由于近40% 的人口生活在贫困线以下，提高整个农产品价值链的效率对于促进更大的经济增长和减贫至关重要。同样至关重要的是，这些努力应促进包容性增长和两性平等，使参与价值链的妇女和男子平等受益于对价值链发展的投资。
Development of a hydrogen economy will depend on adequate transportation infrastructure. Most discussion of hydrogen transportation to date has focused on adapting natural gas networks, but the issue is more complex. Hydrogen can also be transported by dedicated new pipelines as well as other transportation networks (e.g., truck, rail, and marine transport) and even produced on-site by transferring electrical energy instead of hydrogen. In future, end users’ ability to switch from one form of delivery to another will result in new linkages between these diverse infrastructures in the sense that energy flows of different sectors will become more interdependent, and the widespread use of hydrogen is likely to strengthen this. This raises the fundamental question of how to prevent inefficiency (such as unnecessarily high hydrogen infrastructure costs or suboptimal utilization of gas and power networks) and redundancy in the future hydrogen transport infrastructure. This task is made more challenging by technological uncertainty, the unpredictability of future supply and demand for hydrogen, network externality effects, and investment irreversibility of grid-based infrastructures. Meeting these challenges entails coordinating investments in hydrogen transportation infrastructures across all modes in order to establish a cross-sectoral hydrogen polygrid. This paper analyses the strengths and shortcomings of three possible approaches—centrally coordinated, market-based, and regulatory—to this task. Finally, the paper offers policy recommendations on establishing a coherent institutional framework governing investment in the future hydrogen polygrid.
