爱沙尼亚经济部将向可再生能源生产公司提供780万欧元,用于投资热能和电力储存。受益人最多可提取100万欧元,最高补贴金额为36万欧元/MWh的储电和22万欧元/1000立方米的储热。补贴由环境投资中心(KIK)发放,申请于2022年12月开放。
If a hydrogen economy is to become a reality, along with efficient and decarbonized production and adequate transportation infrastructure, deployment of suitable hydrogen storage facilities will be crucial. This is because, due to various technical and economic reasons, there is a serious possibility of an imbalance between hydrogen supply and demand. Hydrogen storage could also be pivotal in promoting renewable energy sources and facilitating the decarbonization process by providing long duration storage options, which other forms of energy storage, such as batteries with capacity limitations or pumped hydro with geographical limitations, cannot meet. However, hydrogen is not the easiest substance to store and handle. Under ambient conditions, the extremely low volumetric energy density of hydrogen does not allow for its efficient and economic storage, which means it needs to be compressed, liquefied, or converted into other substances that are easier to handle and store. Currently,there are different hydrogen storage solutions at varying levels of technology, market, and commercial readiness, with different applications depending on the circumstances. This paper evaluates the relativemerits and techno-economic features of major types of hydrogen storage options: (i) pure hydrogen storage, (ii) synthetic hydrocarbons, (iii) chemical hydrides, (iv) liquid organic hydrogen carriers, (v) metal hydrides, and (vi) porous materials. The paper also discusses the main barriers to investment in hydrogen storage and highlights key features of a viable usiness model, in particular the policy and regulatory framework needed to address the primary risks to which potential hydrogen storage investors are exposed.
人们普遍认为,氢作为能源载体的广泛采用需要电力到天然气(PtG)技术的持续进步。在这里,我们对目前流行的三种PtG技术的系统价格和转化效率的动态进行了全面评估:碱性、聚合物电解质膜和固体氧化物电池电解。我们分析了系统价格、能源消耗和每种技术的累计装机容量的全球数据点。我们的回归结果表明,在过去二十年中,累计装机容量每翻一番,系统价格就会下降14-17%,而电解所需的能源就会减少2%。结合对未来部署增长的多种预测,我们的计算预计,在未来十年,这三种技术都将变得更加便宜和节能。具体而言,电解制氢的生命周期成本预计为
南非科学与工业研究委员会(CSIR)和比利时法兰德斯技术研究院(VITO)合作建设的全新室内储能测试平台,将于今年5月全面投入使用。新的基础设施和相关专业知识有助于提升南非电池价值链中本土厂商的实力,从而提高该国在可再生能源存储方面的能力。CSIR室内储能测试平台在世界银行储能伙伴关系的框架下建立。随着风能和太阳能使用的增加,许多国家正在进行能源转型,而要将可再生资源整合到电网中,储能是关键。因此,世界银行集团建立了储能伙伴关系,以帮助促进该领域技术研发方面的国际合作。CSIR与VITO合作建设的测试平台将主要用于测试南非和撒哈拉以南市场的锂离子电池和新兴储能技术的性能。该设施的配备使CSIR具备了利用电池的存储容量、寿命和放电深度来测试电池性能和可靠性的条件,有助于南非电池行业的产能建设。未来,VITO和CSIR将专注于储能技术创新和本地化。该测试平台配备了用于电池模块和电池组测试的高精度系统,拥有多通道可在不同测试循环下并行测试多个电池,新一代的温度室则可提供在恶劣气候下使用电池的运行数据。CSIR首席执行官Thulani Dlamini博士表示,“室内储能测试平台为可持续能源和安全的能源未来带来了希望。如何储存能源是成功利用太阳能和风能等可再生资源的核心,像南非这样的发展中国家必须考虑提供长期储存、运营和维护要求低、能够承受恶劣气候条件的技术。”该设施将为南非的技术开发人员和进口商提供测试服务。在市场转向使用太阳能和电池能源时,如何确保这些系统的质量是关键。测试平台的建成和使用将有助于南非锂离子电池标准的制订。