本文着眼于成功的电子交通案例研究，总结了制定和实施电子交通路线图的良好实践，从有效补贴到参与。基于这些观察，本文为越南即将出台的电动交通路线图提供了建议，以便该国能够顺利过渡和实现交通部门的脱碳。
Editor’s Note: This article was updated in April 2023 with new findings from WRI’s dataset tracking electric school bus adoption in the United States, covering October to December 2022. To the best of our knowledge, these statistics are updated as of Dec. 31, 2022. Our next update is expected in September. Previous versions of this article are available for download at the bottom of this page. , Electric school bus adoption continues to expand in the United States. As of December 2022, there are 1,398 electric school buses that are either on order, delivered or operating. In total, there are now 5,612 committed electric school buses, almost double the number of buses since the release of WRI’s September 2022 dataset. The majority of this growth is due to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Clean School Bus Rebate Program, which awarded over $900 million for more than 2,400 electric school buses to 389 school districts.
We now have less than seven years to cut emissions in half in order to keep global warming below 1.5 degrees C, the limit scientists say is necessary for averting some of the most dangerous climate impacts. 2022 saw flooding, drought and severe heat waves kill thousands and affect millions of lives around the world, providing us a small window into what we can expect if we fail. Responsible for more than 60% of global emissions and over half of the world’s population, changing our approach to cities must be at the center of efforts to thwart climate change. , We are more keenly aware of the impacts of climate change than ever before. But we also have more knowledge than ever on how to transition to a low-carbon, resilient and inclusive future. As we move further into this decisive decade, here are five critical areas of action for cities.
More than 20 million students in the United States ride school buses every year. This equals approximately 7 billion trips per year, making school buses one of the most widely used forms of public transport in the United States. , But those trips aren’t always safe ones.
我们使用2015-2022年德国新车注册数据评估了德国对纯电动汽车（BEV）和插电式混合动力汽车（PHEV）的购买补贴。我们将邻国作为对照组，解释了混淆的时间趋势和相互作用的欧盟水平二氧化碳标准。该计划没有成本效益，因为只有40%的纯电动汽车和25%的PHEV注册是由补贴引起的，并且具有很强的分配效应，在更富裕、更环保的县有更大的吸收率。纯电动汽车每吨二氧化碳870欧元和PHEV每吨二氧化碳2470欧元的隐含减排成本表明，对PHEV的补贴尤其没有成本效益。
