新冠肺炎背景下的感染预防和控制：指南将在新冠肺炎大流行期间制定和发布的技术指南整合为感染预防和控制的循证建议。 该指南的更新考虑了从关键的应急活动向更长期、持续的新冠肺炎疾病预防、控制和管理的过渡，以及向将综合防治活动纳入常规系统和做法的转变。这包括强调保健环境中的标准预防和以传播为基础的预防措施，以及在社区环境中采用公共卫生做法。关于保健设施的最新建议包括重点放在控制措施、标准预防措施和基于传播的预防措施以及水、环境卫生和个人卫生措施的等级。预防与保健相关的感染涉及多管齐下和多因素的方法，其中包括感染预防和控制以及职业健康和安全措施。 根据世卫组织的方法，在大流行应对期间，根据新出现的证据和与指南制定小组的协商，完成了对IPC COVID指南的几次更新。
流行病学研究一贯表明，儿童仅占所有新型冠状病毒感染病例的1-5%左右。关于不同地区儿童和婴儿新型冠状病毒感染结局的报道一直不一致。卫生资源的差异导致了低收入和中等收入国家与高收入国家之间儿童新型冠状病毒感染死亡率的不同。为了解决这些差异，本报告旨在利用成员国、合作伙伴和世卫组织全球临床平台的研究人员的贡献，汇集来自不同地理环境的数据。 本报告描述了因新冠肺炎住院的儿童的临床特征和转归。分析的具体目标是：确定严重疾病在医院就诊时使用新型冠状病毒感染和住院死亡率的风险因素： 在患有新型冠状病毒感染的住院儿童中； 在儿童和成人之间评估结果的差异； 艾滋病毒携带者儿童和艾滋病毒阴性儿童之间的关系； 以及感染不同关注变种(VOC)的儿童之间的感染。
2023年，世卫组织(WHO)召集了一个指南制定小组，更新关于评估产后出血(PPH)的现有建议，并考虑使用护理捆绑包来治疗PPH。这一决定是基于关于这一主题的新证据。本文件发布了关于产后出血评估的最新建议，以及关于使用治疗包管理产后出血的新建议。
mRNA技术在新冠肺炎疫苗开发中的成功应用，激发了人们对其在预防、治疗或治愈其他健康疾病方面的潜力的兴趣。 因此，一些候选的mRNA疫苗正在开发和测试中，特别是针对其他全球传染病，结果将表明新冠肺炎取得的成功是可复制的。尽管mRNA技术有好处和前景，但仍有某些缺点，需要进一步研究以确定其价值和产生积极影响的潜力。作为评估mRNA技术改善全球健康潜力的第一步，世界卫生组织(世卫组织)科学理事会对这项技术在预防传染病和病毒诱发癌症的疫苗开发中的作用进行了独立审查。本报告总结了理事会关于这项技术的优势和局限性的调查结果。
新的《以人为本的艾滋病毒战略信息综合准则：加强影响1的常规数据》旨在帮助各国改进收集、分析和使用常规患者数据的方式。他们提出了一个最低数据集，以监测个人与卫生系统互动中的关键事件，提出监测个人健康的优先指标，并对数据系统和数据使用提出关键建议。这份政策简报总结了世卫组织关于艾滋病毒服务中数字健康数据的指南。该指南涵盖了几个对于从纸质系统过渡到数字系统，同时改善患者预后至关重要的领域：互操作性、唯一标识符(UID)和隐私、安全以及数据访问和控制。
本报告旨在：评估从2021年至2023年年中实施联合国健康老龄化十年第一阶段取得的进展程度；介绍各利益攸关方团体，包括会员国、联合国机构、民间社会、学术界、私营部门、社区团体和老年人本身对该十年的贡献；并激励和激励利益攸关方继续合作，在国家一级实施该十年，并加强干预措施，确保健康老龄化。
世界卫生组织(WHO)建议所有国家考虑实施流感疫苗接种计划，或将流感疫苗接种纳入其国家免疫计划。季节性流感疫苗接种政策简介：制定和加强国家方案概述了强有力的流感疫苗接种政策的关键组成部分，并强调了有用的资源。其目的是支持国家决策者、国家免疫技术咨询小组成员和技术协调中心制定或加强其国家流感疫苗接种政策和方案。本政策简介补充了世卫组织季节性流感疫苗接种工具包中的技术资源。
Promoting and protecting health is essential to human welfare and sustained economic and social development. This was recognized more than 30 years ago by the Alma-Ata Declaration signatories, who noted that Health for All would contribute both to a better quality of life and also to global peace and security. Not surprisingly, people also rate health one of their highest priorities, in most countries behind only economic concerns, such as unemployment, low wages and a high cost of living. As a result, health frequently becomes a political issue as governments try to meet peoples’ expectations. There are many ways to promote and sustain health. Some lie outside the confines of the health sector. The “circumstances in which people grow, live, work, and age” strongly influence how people live and die. Education, housing, food and employment all impact on health. Redressing inequalities in these will reduce inequalities in health. But timely access to health services – a mix of promotion, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation – is also critical. This cannot be achieved, except for a small minority of the population, without a well-functioning health financing system. It determines whether people can afford to use health services when they need them. It determines if the services exist. Recognizing this, Member States of the World Health Organization (WHO) committed in 2005 to develop their health financing systems so that all people have access to services and do not suffer financial hardship paying for them. This goal was defined as universal coverage, sometimes called universal health coverage. In striving for this goal, governments face three fundamental questions: 1.How is such a health system to be financed? 2.How can they protect people from the financial consequences of ill-health and paying for health services? 3.How can they encourage the optimum use of available resources? They must also ensure coverage is equitable and establish reliable means to monitor and evaluate progress. In this report, WHO outlines how countries can modify their financing systems to move more quickly towards universal coverage and to sustain those achievements. The report synthesizes new research and lessons learnt from experience into a set of possible actions that countries at all stages of development can consider and adapt to their own needs. It suggests ways the international community can support efforts in low-income countries to achieve universal coverage.
Why a renewal of primary health care (PHC), and why now, more than ever? The immediate answer is the palpable demand for it from Member States – not just from health professionals, but from the political arena as well. Globalization is putting the social cohesion of many countries under stress, and health systems, as key constituents of the architecture of contemporary societies, are clearly not performing as well as they could and as they should. People are increasingly impatient with the inability of health services to deliver levels of national coverage that meet stated demands and changing needs, and with their failure to provide services in ways that correspond to their expectations. Few would disagree that health systems need to respond better – and faster – to the challenges of a changing world. PHC can do that.
